Transport accounts for 27% of energy-related CO2 emissions globally and continues to remain a rapidly growing sector. According to the latest ITF Transport Outlook CO2 emissions could increase by 16% by 2050 (ITF, 2021) even if current commitments to decarbonise transport are fully implemented. The reduction in GHG emissions expected from these policies could be more than offset by growing transport demand. According to the Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), the transport sector in Thailand ranks as the most energy-consuming sector in the Kingdom, accounting for 39% of all energy consumed in 2019. The transport CO2 increased 23% between 2000 and 2015 on a per capita basis.
Thailand submitted the Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) to the UNFCCC in 2015, which aims to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 20%-25% compared to the projected Business-as-Usual (BAU) level by 2030. After the INDC submission, the NDC Roadmap on mitigation (2021-2030) was developed to provide a policy direction in achieving the GHG emission reduction targets, with the transport sector being one of the four main sectors that have been tasked to fulfil the country´s climate pledge. According to the Roadmap, transport sector is responsible for a GHG emission reduction of 41 MtCO2 in 2030, which comprises of 31 MtCO2 from energy efficiency improvements led by the Ministry of Transport and 10 MtCO2 from biofuel consumption under the responsibility of the Ministry of Energy (MOE).
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