This assessment reviewed programmes from Colombia, Costa Rica, Pakistan, and the Philippines, with the aim of developing a reference document on risks and potential mitigation actions for other programmes to consider in their planning and implementation of fleet renewal or modernisation.
Specific risks were classified into eight key factors for ease of analysis: political, technological, financial, social, operational, ridership, governance and regulatory, and environmental. The potential mitigation actions listed alongside these risks show that, despite improvements in technology, the crucial concerns for fleet renewal and modernisation remain to be the engagement of key stakeholders: decision-makers from government, existing operators and drivers, users of public transport, vehicles suppliers, and other sectors related to bus operations.
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